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​À±Àç³²ÀÇ ±¹°¡Á÷ ¿µ¾î(¨¿Ã¥Çü) Çؼ³_2020³â 7¿ù 11ÀÏ ½ÃÇà  
  
​¡á ÃÑÆò  
±âº»¿¡ Ãæ½ÇÇÑ ¿µ¾î ½Ç·ÂÀ» ¿ä±¸ÇÏ´Â ÀüÇüÀûÀÎ ¿µ¾î ½ÃÇè. ÇÑ ¹®Á¦¾¿ ³õ°í º¸¸é ¹¯´Â ¹Ù°¡ ¸íÈ®ÇÏ°í ±Ù°Åµµ ÃæºÐÇÏ¿© ³­À̵µ°¡ ³ôÁö ¾Ê¾ÒÀ½. ÇÏÁö¸¸ (µ¶ÇØ) Áö¹®ÀÇ ±æÀÌ°¡ ±æ¾î¼­ ½Ã°£ÀÇ ºÎÁ·°ú ¾î·Á¿î ½Î¿òÀ» ÇØ¾ß Çß´ø ¼öÇè»ýÀÌ ¸¹¾Ò´ø °ÍÀº ºÐ¸íÇÑ »ç½Ç.   
  
​*ƯÀÌ»çÇ×  
- ¾îÈÖ: ±¸µ¿»ç°¡ ÃâÁ¦°¡ ¾È µÊ.   
- ¹®¹ý: Áö¹®ÇüÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó 4Áö ¼±´Ù·Î¸¸ ÃâÁ¦.   
- ´ëÈ­: À̵ð¾ö ÃâÁ¦°¡ ¾È µÊ. (¾ÕÀ¸·Îµµ ÀÌ·± Ãß¼¼´Â ½ÉÈ­µÉ °ÍÀÓ)  
- µ¶ÇØ: Áö¹® ÀÚü´Â ¾î·Æ°í, ±æÀÌ°¡ ±äµ¥(ƯÈ÷, ´ëÀÇÆÄ¾Ç À¯Çü°ú ¼¼ºÎ³»¿ë ÆÄ¾Ç À¯Çü), ¹®Á¦ ÀÚü´Â ½¬¿î Æí.   
  
​¡ß ¿µ¿ªº° ºÐ¼®  
  
¾î ÈÖ  
1. candid = frank / honest °è¿­ÀÇ µ¿ÀǾî (= straightforward, forthright)   
  
2. conspicuous = noticeable / obvious °è¿­ÀÇ µ¿ÀǾî (= evident, manifest, remarkable, prominent)   
  
3. inside out = thoroughly   
  
4. pay tribute to / ¾î¿øÇнÀ¿¡¼­ attribute = at(to) + tribute(ÇåÁ¤) / À½¾Ç¿ë¾îÀÎ ¡®Æ®¸®ºäÆ® ¾Ù¹ü¡¯ °°Àº ¿Ü·¡¾î »ó½Äµµ µµ¿ò  
  
  
¹® ¹ý  
5.   
¨ç ´ë¸í»ç that(´Ü¼ö) / those(º¹¼ö)  
¨è ½Ã°£ºÎ»çÀý(when ~)¿¡¼­ ÇöÀç°¡ ¹Ì·¡¸¦ ´ë½Å  
¨é the + Çü¿ë»ç: ~ÇÑ »ç¶÷µé  
¨ê Àǹ®»ç how + ¼ö·®Çü¿ë»ç much + ¸í»ç gray + ÁÖ¾î + µ¿»ç: Àǹ®»çÀý(¸í»çÀý)ÀÇ ¾î¼øÀº µµÄ¡(Á¶µ¿»ç + ÁÖ¾î + º»µ¿»ç)°¡ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó Á¤Ä¡(ÁÖ¾î + µ¿»ç)  
  
6.   
¨ç raise(~À» ¿Ã¸®´Ù)´Â Ÿµ¿»çÀ̹ǷΠ¸ñÀû¾î°¡ µÚ¿¡ ÀÖ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù´Â °Í¿¡¼­ ÀÌ»óÇÏ´Ù´Â ÀǽÉÀÌ µé¾ú¾î¾ß ÇÔ.   
¨è ¸í·É µ¿»ç(command) + that + ÁÖ¾î + (should »ý·« °¡´É) + µ¿»ç¿øÇü  
¨é ¾È±ä Àý(Á¾¼ÓÀý)ÀÇ µ¿»ç will ~Àº ÇöÀçÇüÀε¥, ¾ÈÀº Àý(ÁÖÀý)ÀÇ µ¿»ç´Â had ~´Â °ú°Å. Áï, ÁÖÀýÀÇ µ¿»ç°¡ Á¾¼ÓÀýÀÇ µ¿»çÀÇ ½ÃÁ¦¿¡ ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÌÄ¡´Â ½ÃÁ¦ÀÏÄ¡¿¡ À§¹è.   
¨ê ÁÖ¾î(The seeds of ~)¿Í µ¿»ç(survive)ÀÇ °ü°è´Â ´Éµ¿. °Ô´Ù°¡ Ÿµ¿»ç(survive)¿¡ ÀÌ¾î ¸ñÀû¾î(harsh weather)°¡ ¿À´Â °ÍÀÌ ¿ì¸®¸»¿¡ ÀÚ¿¬½º·¯¿ì¹Ç·Î, ¹®Àå ÀüüÀÇ µ¿»ç´Â ¼öµ¿Å°¡ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ´Éµ¿Å°¡ µÅ¾ß ÇÔ.   
  
7.   
¨ç adapt oneself to: ~¿¡ ÀûÀÀÇÏ´Ù   
¨è have no choice but toºÎÁ¤»ç = cannot help ~ing = cannot (help) but µ¿»ç¿øÇü   
¨é ¡¸prohibit + ¸ñÀû¾î + from ~ing¡¹¿¡¸¸ ÁÖ¸ñÇÏÁö ¸»°í, µ¿»ç promote¿¡ ÁÖ¸ñÇÒ °Í. Æò¼Ò ¿µ¾î´Ü¾î = ÇÑ±Û ¶æ ÀÌ·± ½ÄÀ¸·Î 1:1·Î¸¸ ÇнÀÇϸé ÀÌ·± ¹®Á¦ ÃâÁ¦µÉ ¶§ ³¶ÆÐ. ƯÈ÷, µ¿»çÀÇ °æ¿ì, ±× ¾²ÀÓ[È°¿ë]±îÁö. promoteÀÇ ¶æÀº ¹«¾ùÀΰ¡? ¶æÀ» 1°³¸¸ ¾Ë°í Àִ°¡? promote°¡ ¡®½ÂÁøÇÏ´Ù¡¯¶ó´Â Àǹ̷Π¾²ÀÏ ¶§, ¾î¶»°Ô È°¿ëµÇ´Â°¡?  
¨ê ¡¸°¡ÁÖ¾î It + is + Çü¿ë»ç + ÁøÁÖ¾î toºÎÁ¤»ç¡¹ ¿Ü¿¡, µ¿»ç1(assemble)°ú µ¿»ç2(take ~ apart)¿¡ ¸ðµÎ °É¸®´Â ¸ñÀû¾î the toy car, Áï °øÅë°ü°è¸¦ È®ÀÎÇߴ°¡?   
  
»ýÈ°¿µ¾î  
11.   
¨ç When(Àǹ®»ç) + due(Áö±Þ ¿¹Á¤ÀÇ) ¡æ by next week(by: ±âÇÑÀÇ ÀüÄ¡»ç)  
¨è check ~ in: (ºñÇà) ÁüÀ» ºÎÄ¡´Ù  
¨é When(½Ã°£ Àǹ®ºÎ»ç) + where(Àå¼Ò Àǹ®ºÎ»ç) ¡æ at your office / at 8:30  
¨ê ¹®´ä ¸ðµÎ µ¿ÀÏÀι°ÀÌ ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¸».   
  
12.   
¼÷¹Ú½Ã¼³(È£ÅÚ) °ü·Ã Ç¥ÇöÀ» ÀÍÈú °Í.  
  
µ¶ ÇØ  
8. ¿äÁö   
* ¾ÕºÎºÐÀÇ ±ä ¹®Àåµé°ú ºñÀ¯Àû Ç¥Çö±â¹ý¿¡ ´çȲÇÏ¸é ¾È µÆÀ½.  
* L8(Speaking up is important. Yet to speak up without listening is like banging pots and pans together)°ú L10(There are three prerequisites for conversation to be meaningful)ÀÌ °áÁ¤Àû ±Ù°Å.   
* ¼±ÅÃÁö ¨é°ú ¨ê´Â ±Û°ú °ü·ÃÀÌ ¾øÁö´Â ¾ÊÀ¸³ª °úµµÇÑ Çؼ®ÀÌ°í, ¹«¾ùº¸´Ù ¿äÁö(= ±Û ÀüüÀÇ ³»¿ëÀÌ ¿ä¾àµÇ´Â ÇÑ ¹®Àå)¶ó°í ÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ½.   
  
9. Á¦¸ñ   
* ¼±ÅÃÁö °£ÀÇ Â÷ÀÌ°¡ ¸Å¿ì ¼±¸íÇÏ¿© ¼±ÅÃÁö¸¦ ¸ÕÀú Àоú´õ¶ó¸é ÈξÀ ÁÁ¾ÒÀ½.   
* ¹®Á¦´Â ½¬¿îµ¥ Áö¹®ÀÇ ³»¿ëÀº ¸Å¿ì ¾î·Æ°í, ½Ã»çÀûÀÓ(ÀϺΠÇؼ³Áö¿¡¼­´Â Black Lives Matter¸¦ ¡°°ËÀº »ý¸í ¹°Áú¡±À̶ó°í Çؼ®ÇÏ´Â ¿ôÁö ¸ø ÇÒ Ã̱رîÁö ¹ß»ý).  
* ÃâÁ¦ÀÚ°¡ ¼ºÀÇ°¡ ¾ø¾ú°Å³ª ¹®Á¦¸¦ ³Ê¹« ½±°Ô ³½ µí.   
* ÷ºÎÆÄÀÏ ÂüÁ¶(¿ø¹®: BBC Culture: What will art look like in 20 years?)  
  
10. ºÒÀÏÄ¡  
* °³ÀÎÀûÀ¸·Î Èï¹Ì·Ó°í À¯ÀÍÇÑ °øºÎ°Å¸®°¡ ¸¹Àº Áö¹®À̶ó°í »ý°¢ÇÏÁö¸¸, ºÒÀÏÄ¡ À¯ÇüÀ̶ó ½ÃÇè ÇöÀå¿¡¼­´Â ±×·± °Å °í¹ÎÇÒ ½Ã°£ ¾ø¾úÀ» °Í. »¡¸® Ç®°í ¸ÂÈ÷¸é À嶯.   
* ÀÏÄ¡/ºÒÀÏÄ¡µµ °á±¹ ¼ýÀÚ/µ¿ÀǾî/ÀçÁø¼ú ½Î¿ò.   
  
¨ç In 2008, the U.S. Supreme Court overturned Washington, D.C. laws banning handguns.  
¢¢ L6 However, in a 2008 decision confirming an individual right to keep and bear arms, the court struck down Washington, D.C. laws that banned handguns and required those in the home to be locked or disassembled.  
  
¨è Many gun advocates claim that owning guns is a natural-born right.  
¢¢ L10 A number of gun advocates consider ownership a birthright and an essential part of the nation¡¯s heritage.  
  
¨é Among the most developed nations, the U.S. has the highest rate of gun homicides.  
¢¢ ¹Ø L6 The United States also has the highest homicide-by-firearm rate among the world¡¯s most developed nations.  
  
¨ê Gun crimes in the U.S. have steadily increased over the last three decades.  
¢¢ ¹Ø L3 ~ the rates of gun homicide and other gun crimes in the United States have dropped since highs in the early 1990¡¯s.  
  
13. ¿¬°á»ç  
L1 Advocates of homeschooling belive ~ (Ȩ½ºÄ𸵠±àÁ¤)  
L2 Many psychologists see ~ (È帧ÀÌ ¾È ¹Ù²ï´Ù)  
L5 Parents who homeschool argue ~ (¿ª½Ã ¾È ¹Ù²ï´Ù)  
L8 Students can also pick and choose ~ (¿ª½Ã °è¼Ó °°Àº È帧~)  
¿¬°á»ç (A)  
L10 critics of homeschooling say ~ (È帧 ¿ªÀü: Ȩ½ºÄ𸵠ºÎÁ¤)  
L13 Several studies, though, have shown ~ (´Ù½Ã µÚÁý¾îÁü. Áï, ±àÁ¤)  
¿¬°á»ç (B)  
¹ØL3 many critics of homeschooling have raised ~ (¶Ç ´Ù½Ã µÚÁý¾îÁü. Áï, ºÎÁ¤)  
  
14. ÁÖÁ¦  
*ªÀº ±ÛÀ̶ó ±ÛÀÇ ±¸¼º ¹æ½Ä(´ëÁ¶)ÀÌ ÆÄ¾ÇµÇ¸é ¸Å¿ì ½±°Ô Ç®¸²  
*´ëÁ¶  
Àü¹ÝºÎ(³ëµ¿¿¡ ½Ã´Þ¸®´Â ±âÁ¸ Á÷À幮ȭ)   
L4 But (¿ªÁ¢ÀÇ ¿¬°á»ç)  
ÈĹݺÎ(¿©À¯¸¦ ã´Â ÀþÀº Á÷ÀåÀεé)  
  
*flexibility = paid leave for a new baby, generous vacation time, the ability to work remotely, come in late or leave early, make time for exercise or meditation. The rest of their lives happens on their phones, not tied to a certain place or time   
  
15. ¼ø¼­  
* ÁÖ¾îÁø ±Û¿¡¼­ »¡¸® ÁÖÁ¦ ÆľÇÇÒ °Í(½ºÆ®·¹½º ¡æ ½ÉÀåÇ÷°ü Áúȯ)  
* (A)~(C) °øÅëÀÇ ¼ÒÀç´Â driving. ±× drivingÀÌ Ã³À½ ¾ð±ÞµÈ °ÍÀº (C). drivingÀº ½ºÆ®·¹½ºÀÇ ¿¹. ¿¹Ãø µ¶ÇØ°¡ µÅ¾ß ÇÔ. driving ¡æ ½ÉÀ庴 °ü°è¸¦ ¹¯´Â (A). (A) µÞºÎºÐ¿¡ Áú¹®(Is there ~?)ÀÌ ÀÖÀ¸´Ï ´äÀÌ ³ª¿À´Â °ÍÀÌ Çʼö. ¾îµð¿¡? (B) , there is. ³¡. ½¬¿ò. ^^*  
  
16. ¹«°ü  
* ¾ÕºÎºÐ¿¡¼­ ÃÖ´ëÇÑ »¡¸®, ¨ç µÇ±â Àü¿¡, ÇٽɼÒÀ糪 ÁÖÁ¦ ÆľÇÇÒ °Í(À§Çù ¡æ »ý¸®Àû ¹ÝÀÀ. ±¸Ã¼ÀûÀ¸·Î È£¸£¸ó ºÐºñ ¡æ ÇÇ ¡æ ¿©·¯ Àå±â ±â°ü)  
* °¢ ¹®ÀåÀÇ ¿¬°á °ü°è¸¦ °è¼Ó °í¹ÎÇÏ¸ç ³»·Á°¥ °Í.  
¨ç for example(¿¹¸¦ µé¾î): The adrenal gland ¡æ ¾Æµå·¹³¯¸° È£¸£¸ó  
¨è ¾Æµå·¹³¯¸° ¡æ ¿©·¯ Àå±â(´«, ½ÉÀå, ±ÙÀ°)  
¨é ¨èÀÇ lash out at or run fromÀ» Àâ¾Æ¼­ fight or flight = battle or run   
¨ê ÇÑâ À̾߱⠱í°Ô ±í°Ô ³»·Á¿Ô´Âµ¥, Àú ¸Ö¸® ¿Ã¶ó°¡´Â »¹¼Ò¸®. ¿Ö±¸, ÀÓÁø¿Ö¶õ, À̼ø½Å, ¸í·®ÇØÀü À̾߱â·Î ³»·Á¿À´ø Áß, ¡°ÇѹÎÁ·Àº ÆòÈ­¸¦ »ç¶ûÇØ¡±¿Í °°Àº Çê¼Ò¸® ´À³¦.   
  
*¸¶Áö¸· ¹®ÀåÀÌ the response°¡ ¹Ù·Î ¨éÀÇ the fight-or-flight responseÀÓÀ» ¹Ýµå½Ã °ËÅäÇÒ °Í.   
  
17. »ðÀÔ   
* ´Ã ¾ê±âÇÏÁö¸¸, ÁÖ¾îÁø ¹®Àå¿¡¼­ ÁÖ¾îÁø ¹®ÀåÀÇ ¾Õ°ú µÚ°¡ ¾ø¾îµµ ÁüÀÛÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¡®¿¹Ãøµ¶ÇØ¡¯°¡ °¡´ÉÇØ¾ß ÇÔ. °ú¿¬? ³Ê¹« ¹«¸®ÇÑ ¿ä±¸Àΰ¡?   
*It was then he remembered ±× ¶§, ±×´Â ±â¾ïÇß´Ù. ±× ¶§´Â ¾î¶² ¶§Àΰ¡? ±×´Â ´©±¸Àΰ¡?   
his experience with the glass flask À¯¸® Çöó½ºÅ©¿Í °ü·ÃµÈ °æÇèÀ»? ¾î¶² °æÇè? ¿Ö?  
, and just as quickly, he imagined ±×´Â »ó»óÇß´Ù  
that a special coating might be applied to a glass windshield to keep it from shattering. Ưº°ÇÑ ÄÚÆÃÀÌ À¯¸® Â÷ ¾Õ À¯¸®¿¡ ÀÀ¿ëµÉ ¼ö ÀÖÁö ¾ÊÀ»±î? ¾ÕÀ¯¸®Ã¢ÀÌ »ê»êÁ¶°¢³ªÁö ¾Êµµ·Ï.   
  
* ¾Æ~ À¯¸® Çöó½ºÅ©°¡ »ê»êÁ¶°¢³ªÁö ¾Ê´Â °æÇèÀÌ ÀÖ¾ú³ª º¸±¸³ª~ Áö±Ý he´Â ¾î¶² ¹®Á¦ »óȲ(¾ÕÀ¯¸®Ã¢ÀÌ »ê»êÁ¶°¢³ª¹ö¸°)À» ¸¶ÁÖÇÏ°í, °ú°ÅÀÇ °æÇèÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ÇØ°áÃ¥À» ±ú´Ý´Â ¼ø°£À̱¸³ª. ¾Æ, ±×·¡¼­ ÀÌ ¹®Àå ´ÙÀ½¿¡´Â ±×°¡ ¹®Á¦¸¦ ÇØ°áÇß´Ù´Â ³»¿ëÀÌ ³ª¿À°Ú±¸³ª.   
  
18. ºÒÀÏÄ¡  
*ÇÑ±Û ¼±ÅÃÁö? ´õ ½±Áö!   
¨ç Old TownÀº 80ÇÇÆ® Áß¼¼ ½Ã´ë º®À¸·Î µÑ·¯½Î¿© ÀÖ´Ù. ¢¢ L2 Old Town surrounded by 80-foot medieval walls, ~  
¨è Å©·çÁî ¹è°¡ Á¤¹ÚÇÒ ¶§¸é ¸¹Àº ¿©Çà°´ÀÌ Old Town °Å¸®¸¦ È°º¸ÇÑ´Ù. ¢¢ L4 And when cruise ships are docked here, a legion of tourists turn Old Town into a miasma of tank-top-clad tourists marching down the town¡¯s limestone-blanketed streets.  
¨é Dubrovnik ½Ã´Â Å©·çÁî ¿©ÇàÀ» È®´ëÇÏ·Á°í ³ë·ÂÇØ ¿Ô´Ù. ¢¢ L7 Yes, the city of Dubrovnik has been proactive in trying to curb cruise ship tourism, but nothing will save Old Town from the perpetual swarm of tourists.  
¨ê Old Town¿¡¼­´Â ¸¹Àº ÁýÀÌ ¿©Çà°´ ¼÷¼Ò·Î ¹Ù²î¾ú´Ù. ¢¢ ¹Ø L6 To make matters worse, the lure of making extra money has inspired many homeowners in Old Town to turn over their places to Airbnb, ~  
  
19. ºóÄ­   
* ¼±ÅÃÁö ¾îÈÖ°¡ ¸Å¿ì ±âº»ÀûÀ̶ó´Â °ÍÀº µÚÁý¾î »ý°¢Çϸé ÃâÁ¦ÀÚ°¡ ¿øÇß´ø °ÍÀº Áö¹®³»¿ëÀÌ ´ã°í ÀÖ´Â ³í¸®Àû Àΰú °ü°è¸¦ ÆľÇÇß´À³Ä. Áï, ³í¸®Àû Àΰú °ü°è°¡ ÂùÂùÈ÷ µû¶ó°¡¸é ½±°Ô ´äÀ» ±¸ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ¾úÀ½.   
* (B)°¡ ¾î·Á¿ü´Ù°í ÇÏ´õ¶óµµ (A)¿¡¼­ ÀÌ¹Ì ÆÇ°¡¸§ ³ª´Â ¹®Á¦¿´À½.   
* (B)ÀÇ °æ¿ìµµ, °í°íÇÐÀÚ°¡ °ü½É ÀÖ¾î ÇÏ´Â the age of an organism (= the age of once-living materials, the approximate age)Àº ž¼­ Á×À» ¶§±îÁöÀÇ »ì¾ÆÀÖ´ø ³ªÀÌ°¡ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, Á×Àº ½ÃÁ¡ºÎÅÍ ÃøÁ¤À» ÇÏ´Â Áö±Ý±îÁöÀÇ ³ªÀÌÀÌ´Ù. ±× »ý¸íü°¡ »ì¾Æ ÀÖÀ» ¶§°¡ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó Á×¾î ÀÖÀ» ¶§ carbon-14°¡ ÁÙ¾îµéÁö ¾Ê´Â°¡. È­¼®ÀÇ ¿¬´ë ÃøÁ¤À» ¿¬»óÇغ¸¸é ÁÁÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù.   
  
20. ºóÄ­  
* ºóÄ­ÀÌ Æ÷ÇÔµÈ ¹®ÀåºÎÅÍ¶óµµ Á¤È®ÇÏ°Ô ÀÐÀÚ.   
The origin of new species »õ·Î¿î Á¾ÀÇ ±â¿øÀº  
, which the nineteenth-century English naturalist Charles Darwin once referred to as ¡°the mystery of mysteries,¡± ´ÙÀ©ÀÌ ¡°½Åºñ ÁßÀÇ ½Åºñ¡±¶ó°í ¸»Çß´ø  
is the natural process of speciation Á¾ ºÐÈ­ÀÇ ÀÚ¿¬Àû °úÁ¤  
responsible for generating this remarkable ___________________ ÀÌ ³î¶ó¿î [ºóÄ­]À» ¸¸µé¾î³½ (responsible ~ÀÌ the natural process of speciationÀ» ¼ö½Ä)  
  
*µµ´ëü ¡°ÀÌ ³î¶ó¿î [ºóÄ­]¡±Àº ¹«¾ùÀ̰ڴ°¡? ºóÄ­ ¹Ù·Î ¾Õ ¹®Àå¿¡¼­ ¾ð±ÞÇÑ From only a few very simple organisms, a great number of complex, multicellular forms evolved over this immense period. ¾Æ´Ï°Ú´Â°¡. Áï, diversity of living creatures.  
  
*°Ô´Ù°¡ ¼±ÅÃÁö ¨ç~¨ê ¸ðµÎ ¸í»ç±¸¡¸A of B¡¹·Î ÀÌ·ïÁ® ÀÖ´Ù. Áï, B°¡ with whom humans share the planetÀÇ ¼ö½ÄÀ» ¹Þ´Â´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¸Æ¶ô»ó, Àΰ£ÀÌ ÀÌ Áö±¸¸¦ ÇÔ²² °øÀ¯ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ¡®»ì¾ÆÀÖ´Â »ý¸íü(living creatures)¡¯¶ó°í »ý°¢ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ Áö±ØÈ÷ ÇÕ¸®ÀûÀ̸ç Á¤»óÀûÀÎ »ç°í¹æ½Ä ¾Æ´Ï°Ú´Â°¡. ¤»¤»¤»¤»¤»¤»¤»  
  
  
#9¹ø ¿ø¹®  
  
*Source: https://www.bbc.com/culture/article/20190418-what-will-art-look-like-in-20-years  
  
​  
  
What will art look like in 20 years?  
  
By Devon Van Houten Maldonado 23rd April 2019   
  
​  
  
Devon Van Houten Maldonado asks artists and curators to imagine the changes and trends that will influence the art world in the next two decades.   
  
​  
  
The future may be uncertain, but some things are undeniable: climate change, shifting demographics, geopolitics. The only guarantee is that there will be changes, both wonderful and terrible. It¡¯s worth considering how artists will respond to these changes, as well as what purpose art serves, now and in the future.  
  
Reports suggest that by 2040 the impacts of human-caused climate change will be unescapable, making it the big issue at the centre of art and life in 20 years¡¯ time. Artists in the future will wrestle with the possibilities of the post-human and post-Anthropocene – artificial intelligence, human colonies in outer space and potential doom.  
  
The identity politics seen in art around the #MeToo and Black Lives Matter movements will grow as environmentalism, border politics and migration come even more sharply into focus. Art will become increasingly diverse and might not ¡®look like art¡¯ as we expect. In the future, once we¡¯ve become weary of our lives being visible online for all to see and our privacy has been all but lost, anonymity may be more desirable than fame. Instead of thousands, or millions, of likes and followers, we will be starved for authenticity and connection. Art could, in turn, become more collective and experiential, rather than individual.  
  
​  
  
A more inclusive art world?  
  
¡°I imagine art in 20 years will be much more fluid than it is today,¡± curator Jeffreen M Hayes tells BBC Culture, ¡°in the sense of boundaries being collapsed between media, between the kinds of art that is labelled art, in the traditional sense. I also see it being much more representative of our growing and shifting demographics, so more artists of colour, more female-identified works, and everything in between.¡±   
  
Hayes¡¯s exhibition AfriCOBRA: Nation Time was recently selected as an official collateral event of the 2019 Venice Biennale which opens in May, bringing the work of a previously little-known and uncelebrated group of black artists working on Chicago¡¯s south side in the 1960s to an international audience.  
  
¡°I¡¯m hopeful that in 20 years, as art shifts and artists help to lead the way, that institutions begin to be, not just intentional, but more thoughtful about the different ways that art can be presented, and that would require a more inclusive, not just curatorial staff, but also leadership,¡± she says.  
  
Senegalese artist and curator Modou Dieng tells BBC Culture ¡°the future of art is black.¡± Today, African, African-American, Afro-European, and Afro-Latin art is trending globally, marked by an opening to African diaspora artists working with discourses beyond the black body and colonialism. Black abstraction, curating and performance are all centre stage. Growing up in a newly independent Senegal looking for an identity as a people, ¡°we saw migration as the solution, not the problem,¡± says Dieng, whose works are included in the US Department of State¡¯s permanent collection.   
  
The change anticipated by Hayes and Dieng does not translate to the new emergence of black, Latino, LGBT, outsider, feminist and ¡®other¡¯ art, as these movements have long histories of their own. But it merely means that they will be further embraced by the markets and the institutions, which will themselves become more diverse and informed by histories outside the dominant, Eurocentric, Western canon. (ÀÌÇÏ »ý·«)  
  
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